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Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is when you have pain, swelling, or other symptoms from compression in your thoracic outlet -- the opening between y...

Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) most often affects babies and children and makes it hard for them to use their muscles. Babies with this type of SMA ...

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a nervous system disorder that causes an overpowering urge to move your legs. Symptoms almost always go away in the...

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a condition that happens when you have too much of a certain kind of fluid in parts of your brain. Normal pr...

What is Neuromyelitis Optica?

Neuromyelitis optica, or NMO, is a disease that affects your eyes and spinal cord. Doctors aren't sure what causes NMO. It doesn't seem to run in f...

Multifocal Motor Neuropathy

Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a disease that affects your body's motor nerves. If you have MMN, you’ll most likely notice the first symptoms...

Basics of Mad Cow Disease

Mad cow disease, or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), is a transmissible, slowly progressive, degenerative, and fatal disease affecting the c...

What is Leukodystrophy?

Leukodystrophy isn’t just one disease; it’s actually a group of diseases that affect the central nervous system. While every leukodystrophy is diff...

Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus -- which roughly means “water on the brain” -- is the buildup of fluid in the cavities (ventricles) deep within the brain. The long-t...

Huntington's Disease

Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary and deadly disorder that causes nerve cells in the brain tobreak down. If you have a parent with Huntingt...

Brain and Essential Tremor

Essential tremor is the most common movement disorder, affecting up to 10 million people in the U.S. ET can happen at any age, but it most often ap...

What is Empty Sella Syndrome?

Most people who have ESS don’t have any signs of it. In a small number of people, the sella turcica is shaped in such a way that spinal fluid can l...